Synthesis, stability, and emission analysis of magnetite nanoparticle-based biofuels

Abstract In recent years, the application of nanoadditives in biofuels is gaining much attention due to their increase thermophysical properties such as high surface area, thermal conductivity, and mass diffusivity. However, lack stability, additive cost, difficult recovery from engine exhaust are high-priority demanding characteristics, which may be chosen by many researchers. this regard, most promising magnetite nanoparticles, having a high-specific strong magnetic response, control over particle size and, importantly, easy rapid separation gas applying external bars. Moreover, it can easily diluted into biodiesel, thus, collect advantages biodiesel water emulsion. From literature survey, found that there lacuna synthesis performance nanofuels for internal combustion applications. Thus, present study aims epitomize research findings related synthesis, characterization, biodiesel/diesel-based fuels blended with nanoparticles influence on performance. The shows addition has positive effects reducing harmful emissions carbon black, smoke opacity NO X , improved efficiency fuel consumption.